Views on Corporate Social Responsibilities Essay Sample free essay sample

IntroductionThe understanding of manageability is both in the feeling of achieving since quite a while ago run achievement and as survivability of an organization ( Zink. Steimle A ; Fischer 2008 ) . Dunphy. Griffiths and Benn ( 2003 ) imagine enterprises as channels of cultural goal. built inside society to accomplish utile cultural points. From now on. corporate cultural obligation submits a significant capacity towards the supportability of enterprises. Both corporate cultural obligations and supportability. furthermore, its related builds impact all features of concern. Chandler and Werther ( 2010 ) recognize the fear of corporate cultural obligations as a reason to indicate the great beyond of our general public. In any case. the apprehensiveness of corporate cultural obligation decides the corporate organizations. As the request emerges. does rehearsing partner course help enterprises to be progressively supportable? In this article. old style and current situation of organization on corporate cultural obligations will be placed into treatment before going to a choice under key supportability. In add-on. hypothetical models and existent universe corporate cases will be ground about in the few organizations. Old style View on Corporate Social Responsibilitiesâ€Å"The only cultural obligation of concern is to boost profits† †Friedman’s visit expressing. In notice to Friedman’s old style position. the purposes for worry to be are for directing stocks and administrations to society. what's more, thus. for making monetary worth which later produce overall gains for investors. Keinert ( 2008 ) believes that the troughs are in charge to amplify these gross for investors. commit by the business contracts as operators for the investors of the house. the administrators. It is other than underlined by Zu ( 2008 ) that for old style organization. enterprise has no association in looking past overall gain boost. with the avoidance of total compensation advantage action. In another words. the essential finish of concern is total compensation. while corporate cultural obligations and moral utilization consider optional. Settle. Walmart. FordMotor. furthermore, Microsoft. are a portion of the organizations that adjust to the referenced hypothesis. WalmartWalmart. one of the greatest and notable organizations around the world. has a record of steady abused the privilege of its US laborers and misused the feeble US work Torahs impedes fraternity development. kid slave work and even intrude on the ecological Torahs. Fundss were contributed to prevent representatives from fighting their privilege because of the lessening of undistinguished bring home compensation and staying at work past 40 hours for zero pay. Workers and chiefs were programmed to contradict fraternity from the moment they were utilized. Reconnaissance. fast reaction crew and surreptitious covert specialist were supported to oversee any fraternity development. [ Appendix 1 ] Suppliers of Walmart were pushed to make out up on their general money related qualities. Youngster slave work was go oning in its creation establishments abroad. [ Appendix 2 ] nature agreeable runs included were each of the a fake. [ Appendix 3 ] In 2008. Walwart conceded so a lot however gave restricted reactions by the by proceeded with its open connection endeavor. Office TheoryWith the basic of department hypothesis. head specialist model is prominently utilized in numerous companies including Walmart. The chief typically offers instigations to the specialist to energize them to move upon principal’s best contribution. The example of agency hypothesis is productive the same number of enormous organizations have effectively moved up the rank around the world. The activity with head specialist model is that operator now and then example attentiveness to boost their ain preferred position rather than of the head. Be that as it may. regularly. department cost rouses the specialist after proceeding onward sake for the essential, for example, observing expenses. following expense and residuary misfortune. With Walmart’s following agreements. most workers were in issue. In Friedman articulation. he guarantees that owners may set up points separated from total compensation boost ; one outline would be removing cash from its investors. wo rkers or even customers. ( Crane et al 2008 ) Despite more than three 100s billion in gross and more than 10 billion in overall gains in 2007. Walmart with the develop to flexibly the best for shoppers. excused the moral imposts towards its workers and investors. In addition. so as to develop its notoriety. ecological concerns asserted were set aside. However. Walmart is presently manageable and has gotten itself since so. customers are still truly concern and challenging Walmart’s corporate cultural obligation. For these grounds. enterprises with old style organization are fundamentally connected with negative purposes. The inadequacy of observational grounds in department hypothesis. the current situation on corporate cultural obligations and its stewardship hypothesis will talk beneath. Contemporary View on Corporate Social ResponsibilitiesThe achievement of the organization in corporate cultural obligations shows how great it has had the option to follow up on partner concerns while put to deathing its anxiety hypothetical record. Carroll relates corporate cultural obligation into a four degree pyramid †monetary. lawful. moral and advantageous obligation. where his perspective is a loanblend between the old style and partner position on corporate cultural obligations. ( Chandler A ; Werther 2010 ) Side by side the financial balance of action. companies are appointing similarly in Friedman’s hypothesis. Going up the pyramid. the legitimate obligation is its duty to respond inside the lawful model. Partners would farther expect organizations into convey throughing its moral obligations. Last. under the generous obligation. organizations have gotten increasingly proactive and executing key offices that can benefit both the enterprise and partners. also, at times both. ( Keinert 2008 ) Be that as it may. with the ever-changing Torahs that are non up to day of the month. will lawful obligation be represented when untrustworthy occurs? Are key offices that advantage partners carried out by representatives with obligation? What's more, every now and again. ‘knowing ethic’ and ‘doing ethic’ do non meets up. Questions like these emerge ; and there is no 1 who can answer it. Companies. like Hitachi. who rehearses under Carroll’s pyramid. may now and then. esteem to hold concealed agenda behind the great reason. HitachiHitachi’s complex defensively covered tractor was granted by the non-benefit Social Innovation Japan and bolstered by the Ministry of the Environment. other than respected with a Social Business Award. While in building up the tractor that could kill landmines and develops land. provincial states were influenced by the post-war. This farther advantages the product coincidentally. The machines were put in influenced populace by mine cantonments to limit basic damages and perishes. while it helped plans land for their ain economical hereafters. [ Appendix 8 ] Despite being granted. Hitachi was found underneath the cultural obligation examination standard. [ Appendix 9 ] Stewardship TheoryWith the basic of stewardship hypothesis. Huse ( 2007 ) communicates that trust is the core develop in stewardship hypothesis. With the administrative personal circumstance reason of department hypothesis. stewardship is like it however non in the personal responsibility way. With the fear of Carroll’s pyramid. executives presently have various kinds of thought processes, for example, an interest to achieve. to infer fulfillment. obligation and even affirmation through work. Huse accept that these people ought to non be viewed as timeserving histrions yet individuals with great purposes. In any case. as appeared in the example above. Hitachi had been regarded with grant for an innovation with no underlying reason. The creation was worked for advantage of Hitachi in fixing future terrains which brought about to others with cultural obligation benefits. However. in this example. Hitachi is ordered under altruistic obligation. however, its point is hugely separated. With restrictions of stewardship hypothesis. it is every now and again a signifier of fallacy and efficiently. it has demonstrated that people and partnerships are timeserving. From now on. with stewardship organization. in any case how reasonable an enterprise is. its corporate cultural obligation are regularly surveyed and examined by society. This passing on us to the accompanying situation on corporate cultural obligations. the partner bearing. Freeman likes to name it. or on the other hand the partner hypothesis. Partner View on Corporate Social ResponsibilitiesAn solid partner bearing present an away from of social viewpoints and a solid establishment for a recognizable and real corporate cultural obligation assault ( Louche A ; Baeten 2006 ) . Freeman relates partners with concern and partners with out of this world together as something very similar. He accentuates on the cardinal human association with the partners. furthermore, it is an obligation to take the impacts of the worry on partners into thought. ( Stakeholders Are People 2009 ) Corporations are typically depicted as interrelated contribution gathering. other than known as biological system develop. UPS. Starbucks. Disney and Marks A ; Spencer are the couple of earnest organizations that have solid convictions and example in corporate cultural obligations. Joined Parcel Service ( UPS )Harmonizing to CNN Money. UPS has been on Fortune’s Most Admired rundown of top 10s socially mindful houses for three consecutive mature ages. ( Gunther 2006 ) Beside by and large include in planetary financial framework. with incredible corporate cultural obligations. UPS has been granted with plentifulness of committednesss towards its kin and the condition each piece great. [ Appendix 4 ] Many workers settle in UPS for in excess of 30 mature ages independent of their place as a driver or in the workplace. A large number of them are im

The South Australian Renewable Energy Policy

The South Australian Renewable Energy Policy Strategic maneuvers Head administrator Malcolm Turnbull has hammered the South Australian inexhaustible approach following ongoing rehashed occasions causing state-wide power outages and bedlam, nonetheless, as indicated by other media sources, the restriction has additionally been expressing that the sustainable strategy isn't at fault. Kai Johnston reports. The news executes an assortment of powerful strategies, for example, assaulting, giving proof or hushing purpose of perspectives. The entirety of this is purposely used to fortify a plan to impact their crowds perspectives, qualities and convictions of the unrest of the South Australian sustainable power source approach. This approach has been seen by various news reports as an emergency that has disabled the whole states future, with certain reports accusing the Labors inexhaustible strategy and different reports accusing mother nature.The reasons for this emergency have started serious political discussions and conflicts between the government Liberal and Labor parties, and even from numerous broad communications sources. The South Australian sustainable power source strategy was an activity forced by the SA state Labor government in mid-2009, which tried to build the sustainable power source focus to 33% by 2020. This activity was upheld through government and state subsidizing to accomplish these objectives. Since 2009, the state government has given subsidizing to improvement of sustainable power source procedures and ranches, permitting this objective to be accomplished inside 5 years of activity in 2013. In 2014 another objective of half sustainable age state-wide was set to be accomplished by 2025 thus this push started with an expected $10 billion to support the program. Nonetheless, the fast drive towards renewables has as of late brought about various power outages in the course of recent months. This has started a monstrous habitual pettiness from the two sides of Parliament with Liberals showcasing that the presentation of wind and sun based has made the force matrix entirely helpless. Whil e Labor contends that transmission lines were broken in the extreme tempests that shook the state around then. Green visionaries are weaving crates in obscurity is an article wrote by Janet Albrechtsen for The Australian. This article is intensely opinionative and repudiates each part of the Energy Policy with a zesty, substantial tone that slates the Labor party who was answerable for this approach. Albrechtsen portrays the South Australian vitality arrangement as the greatest strategy lie in the advanced period. Theres one thing more regrettable than a lot of betrayed analysts who treat efficient power vitality as a religion And that is the South Australian Labor government. The writers way to deal with this issue and usage of powerful methods in this content are very self-evident, in certainty her whole article is brimming with emotive and assaulting language coordinated at the Labor party. Albrechtsens article additionally incorporates a variety of proof through clarified measurable requests that help bolster this assault against Weatherills approach. His arrangement has guaranteed a change of the economy, more employments and an expanded drive in venture. Be that as it may, as indicated by the creators proof, these guarantees have not been satisfied since renewables were presented, however rather, they have driven the state to gathering the notoriety for the most reduced; work, economy, business venture and development all through the whole country. South Australias power costs have additionally served because of the approach as demonstrated in the article, the writer likewise specifies how the distinction between feeling better and doing great is cur rently certain. It doesnt feel great to be jobless or bankrupt It doesnt feel great to have the force turned off in summer warmth or winter cold It doesnt feel great to be exposed to the Lefts idealistic dreams that hurt the poor the most The writer utilizes the tedious articulations it doesnt feel great to viably fortify that renewables are devastating the state, and by summoning compassion from the perusers, this strategy has possibly settled an establishment that has convinced the perusers to concur with her viewpoint. Restricting this assault on renewables is a Sydney Morning Herald article by Mark Kenny, with the feature PM Malcolm Turnbull and priests were advised breeze not to fault for SA power outage, which additionally utilizes various convincing strategies to pass on the essayists assessment in an increasingly unobtrusive assault. The writer, has built the article with a feeling of mastery and predominance over Mr Turnbull, contending that breeze isn't to be faulted while utilizing statements to help his thought. There has been phenomenal harm to organize, with 20+ steel transmission towers down in the north of the state because of wind harm Energy Market Operators Pulverizing storms Kenny uses emotive language and proof through statements from the vitality advertise administrators to suggest that the reason for the power outages was from some monstrosity storm that harmed transmission lines. An insane Mr Turnbull had been found wading into controversy with an extremely profound emergency encompassing our vitality framework.- Mark Butler Climate change and vitality serve This statement has been intentionally used to control the crowds thinking to see that Mr Turnbull is benefiting from the force emergency by deceiving the country to make sure about his votes. Steward suggests that Turnbull is over-responding and has been found laying the fault on to Labors sustainable arrangement when in undeniable reality, typical coal terminated force age would have additionally fizzled whenever exposed to these tempests. Kenny controls his perusers to see these power outages because of calamitous, once in a blue moon climate events, consequently negating Mr Turnbulls political habitual pettiness. The article Labor cannot keep the lights on, which was composed by Rosie Lewis for The Australian. This takes an increasingly baffled and forceful way to deal with the inexhaustible contention than the past article. This content assaults Labors inexhaustible approach all through by more than once expressing that they have bombed getting ready for and creating enough reinforcement power to keep the network above water. Turbull is cited as saying Theyve neglected to accomplish the work to guarantee South Australians can keep the lights and climate control systems on. Uncommon lack of concern and wild carelessness. Convincing methods, for example, the statements from Mr Turnbull, remember assaults for the arrangement and the utilization of emotive language to impact the crowd. It likewise strengthens the possibility that the South Australian Labor has fizzled, however disabled the state with an absence of arranging. The charts delineated above shows the vitality age in contrast with the interest at specific times. The usage of these charts permits watchers to unmistakably watch the huge issues related with wind age against the force requests, these diagrams have been utilized to strengthen and add greater believability and influence to the contention that sustainable power source is definitely not a dependable source. SA power: How the State Government intends to fix vitality emergency is an article created by Daniel Wills for the SA paper, The Advertiser. This content goes about as a reaction to the political habitual pettiness, as it sheds the fault off from the Labors back, that has been passed on by Mr Turnbull, and endeavors to divert this fault towards the Energy Market Operators. The market administrator has deficient intel about how it works. That is inadmissible. Tom Koutsantonis, vitality serve. Here the vitality serve is utilizing assaulting language against the vitality administrators. We need to step up and assume responsibility for our own future, and we are resolved. - Mr Weatherill (S.A Labor head) Â â Wills has used these statements to build up a perspective that something should be never really further power outages and to infer that the vitality administrators have left South Australia in obscurity. These statements utilize the methods of comprehensive language, direness and requests to would like to set up an invitation to battle for the crowd to feel constrained to remain with Mr Weatherill. In this report Wills has had the option to convince his crowd to accept that it was the market administrators who didn't guarantee the unwavering quality of intensity at the occasions when the state required it the most. With the clash of governmental issues pursuing and news medicines bouncing in on the activity, it is difficult to comprehend the basic inquiries we as a whole have on our brains. What truly did cause this emergency and why should we remain nearby? KAI JOHNSTON Book reference Wills, D. (2017). How the State Govt plans to fix SAs vitality emergency. [online] Adelaidenow.com.au. Accessible at: http://www.adelaidenow.com.au/news/south-australia/sa-power-how-the-state-government-plans-to-fix-vitality emergency/report/b6d6bceb9d9c0203f0bc9bd9637e32f6 [Accessed 19 Feb. 2017]. Lewis, R. (2017). Work cannot keep the lights on. [online] Theaustralian.com.au. Accessible at: http://www.theaustralian.com.au/national-undertakings/sa-power-blackouts hiccups-says-work/report/c6ca2aaca59d5e1b77106b099d4e5e87 [Accessed 22 Feb. 2017]. Kenny, M. (2017). PM and priests were advised breeze not to fault for SA power outage. [online] The Sydney Morning Herald. Accessible at: http://www.smh.com.au/government legislative issues/political-news/pm-and-pastors were-advised breeze not-to-fault for-sa-power outage 20170212-guaxf0.html [Accessed 25 Feb. 2017]. Renewablessa.sa.gov.au. (2017). About Us RenewablesSA. [online] Available at: http://renewablessa.sa.gov.au [Accessed 23 Feb. 2017]. Albrechtsen, J. (2017). Green visionaries are weaving bushels in obscurity. [online] Theaustralian.com.au. Accessible at: http://www.theaustralian.com.au/assessment/feature writers/janet-albrechtsen/green-visionaries are-weaving-crates in obscurity/report/4a17b417b568d6f1ab28ebdf63139a08 [Accessed 1 Mar. 2017].

San Francisco The Top Three Stops to Make Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

San Francisco The Top Three Stops to Make - Essay Example The Golden Gate Bridge was the world’s longest engineered overpass, at 1.7 miles (4,200 feet) in length, for a long time following its consummation in 1937 with two towers that each stand taller than the Washington Monument. It crosses Golden Gate Strait, which is around 400 feet down and fills in as the portal to the harbor city. It tends to be seen from an assortment of areas all through the city. One most loved is from the highest point of the Marin Headlands, which offers the fun of a climb and some activity with an enormous perspective on the harbor and city. Another most loved is from the highest point of the Coit Tower, which additionally manages a brief look at the broadly twisty Lombard Street and Alcatraz. Water visits are offered for pretty much whenever of the day, leaving from the well known San Francisco wharfs that will take guests under the extension and around Alcatraz Island. Alcatraz itself offers a perspective on the extension and guests can likewise pick t o see it by picnicking at Golden Gate Park or by biking, strolling or rolling over it. Alcatraz Island, from which one can get a decent perspective on the Golden Gate Bridge and that will likewise be noticeable from numerous ways to deal with the Golden Gate, is the home of the renowned Alcatraz Prison, presently shut and offered as a vacation destination. Ships rush to the island each half hour during top seasons and visits are offered once on the island. The visits will take guests through the different cell squares, exhibiting the day to day environments of the detainees there, offering data about different jail get away from endeavors and visiting through Cell Block D, the home of the Birdman and displaying other fascinating snippets of data about the jail and the island on which it stands. One other area that must be visited before leaving the city is San Francisco’s Chinatown.

American Society Research Paper - 2475 Words

American Society (Research Paper Sample) Content: Name:Institution:Course:Date:American SocietyThis paper examines the period between 1900 and 1940à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s where significant events occurred and which represent part of the history of the American society. The paper shall focus on such events including the Progressive movement, cultural disputes in the 1920à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s, President Rooseveltà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s Second New Deal and the World War II in terms of how racism affected the war.The Progressive MovementAlso called the progressive era, it was the period in the history of the United States between 1890 and 1920 where varied reforms took place. These reform issues were related to education, working conditions, child labour and urbanization among others. By 1900, many labourers in the US faced harsh working conditions and the country was almost heading for rebellion. That is where the progressive movement rose to address the problems facing the society and get rid of immorality. The leaders of the movement believed that the government was responsible for solving the problems of the society and protect the welfare of Americans.There were several factors which led to the growth of the progressive movement. The first one was increased bribery and corruption among political leaders who controlled towns and cities. Citizens therefore were not given a chance to participate in governance through democracy. Discrimination was also a factor; it was based on the grounds of race, religion, gender and ethnic background. Black citizens were not allowed to take responsibilities on some duties so their jobs were often low paying. The number of female workers was very small and they were denied rights to own property due to discrimination. It was also during this period when rapid urbanization took place. Some of the results of this urbanization were emergence of poor working conditions in the workplaces poor living conditions in the towns and cities due to lack of proper planning. It also brought unethical busine ss practices and increase in the number of crimes in the cities. There was also the need for conservation of the environment. There were activists who fought to protect the natural resources against pollution, wastage and destruction. All these factors prompted the leaders of the progressive movement to come up with action plans so as to stabilise the society.The movement had some major objectives, the first one being to bring about political reform and elimination of bribery and corruption. The reforms were to allow more public participation towards law making. Therefore, many states passed laws allowing the public to propose new laws and strike down inappropriate ones through referendums. The corrupt officials were publicly exposed by journalists and were removed from office through recall. These reforms were also to give more rights to women, allowing them to vote, own property and even take leadership positions (Leonard 1). Another major goal was prohibition. It was aimed at dis couraging the consumption of alcohol in so as to curb its social effects such as child abuse and poverty. The Prohibition Act passed in 1918 forbade the manufacture and sale of any drink containing more than 2% alcohol content in the United States. This move was however not very successful due to high consumer demand which led to emergence of illegal sources of alcohol and smuggling of alcoholic drinks. The other goal was reform on labour rights where everyone would get equal opportunities for jobs including women, ban child labour to protect children and establish the minimum wage for each worker.From my own perspective, the reform was a legacy because it facilitated economic growth through regulating the power of large businesses and corporations. It helped to raise the living standards of many Americans through passing of labour rights. Gender equality was also enhanced where women were given more rights with the right to vote being amongst them. The progressive movement also pro moted democracy in governance.Cultural Disputes of the 1920à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬sThe 1920à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s were a period of significant social and cultural change characterized by prosperity, leisure and consumerism due to the great economic advancements in the US industries. This led to huge differences among people in their way of living and these divisions often led to disputes. Prohibition of alcohol presented a major dispute. It was a national ban on the manufacture and sale of alcohol which occurred between 1920 and 1930. The mob and gangs took advantage of this situation and began a black market for liquor which flourished. These gangs became more powerful and began bribing the authorities so as to smuggle alcohol between countries. Some of these drinks were not up to standard and those who consumed such could go blind or even die. Therefore, the Prohibition Act which was meant to curb alcohol consumption led to increase in the consumption, even more than when alcohol was legal. The cities were transformed into battlefields between opposing gangs and the number of crimes such as theft, assaults and homicide rose significantly. This led to the extremes where even drug stores would offer medical subscriptions with high alcohol content.Immigrants were the major cause of cultural dispute. This is because they came along with their lifestyles and culture thus leading to disputes. Many people came to America with the hopes of securing a better future but it lead to competition for jobs thus many natives viewed the immigrants as a threat to their economic status as well as social and religious values. The increasing number of immigrants prompted the government to come up with a Quota Law which was to limit their numbers. Racism was high during this period and there was development of a hate group called The Ku Klux Klan which targeted the non-natives. They harassed them, boycotted their businesses and even killed the immigrants. This led to the immigrants living in crowded p laces with poor conditions. Also, the government policies and attitude towards these immigrants were racist.The other cause of cultural dispute was the change in lifestyles. This was largely portrayed by women because of weakened social restrictions. They changed their way of dressing and hairstyles also changed. They also abandoned social taboos and began drinking, smoking and sexual activities. This made the people in rural areas felt threatened by this secular culture and some rural areas limited their residents to Christians only. This division went further where the rural residents created their own independent subculture with schools and radio ministries of their own. They also supported the prohibition of alcohol, unlike in the urban areas where alcohol was generally accepted.Rooseveltà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s Second New DealThe second new deal was an expansion of the original deal program which was enacted in 1935 by Franklin Roosevelt who was the US president at the time. It went furthe r in terms of government involvement and was aimed to help unions and the unemployed people. The other major reasons why Roosevelt shifted to the political left were the need to improve the use of local resources and security against illness and old age. During the second new deal, there was creation of a series of some important programs to redistribute wealth and income favouring labour unions and the poor.The first program was the Social Security Act. It established a framework for retirement pensions, unemployment and insurance benefits so as to help those unemployed retired persons to become self sufficient and give financial aid to the unemployed or those injured on the job. It was to be funded by taxes so as to give people the legal right to collect their benefits. The other program was the Work Progress Administration. It was to provide jobs the unemployed and the jobs were mainly the government infrastructure projects such as construction of roads, airports and government p arks. A sub section of this program was the Rural Electrification Administration which was meat to provide electricity to rural areas. The National Labour Relations Act was also another major program aimed at regulating labour unions. It outlawed unfair labour practices and gave unions the right to organize and bargain with their employers. The unions were required to hold elections and there was establishment of a government body to oversee and deal with any allegations of wrongdoing. This resulted in a significant growth of membership in labour unions.Another important program that was developed was the Federal Housing Authority which subsidized the construction of public housing by use of federal loans. It was meant to abolish slums. This helped the low income families to secure a home through the loans thus leading to dramatic increase in sales of homes and this was a major contributor to the general economy of the US.There are several long term impacts or legacies of the second new deal. One of them is that it resulted into an activist state that extended the powers of the government especially in the economy. The government regulated the wild swings of the business cycle and recognized a level of subsistence where citizens should not fall. The new deal readjusted the political loyalties. The group of voters was diverse, and included farmers, African Americans and union members who continued to support Roosevelt. The other important legacy was formation of a new political philosophy, liberalism, to which many citizens remained attached for long even after the end of the second new deal. Other reforms in the area of labour and public works still continue into recent years.Impact of the Second New DealPresident Rooseveltà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s second new deal had some social and economic impacts for the people of America. The second new deal helped to create employment opportunities for people. Those needy unskilled people...

Antimetabole - Definition and Examples in Rhetoric

In rhetoric, a verbal pattern in which the second half of an expression is balanced against the first but with the words in reverse grammatical order (A-B-C, C-B-A) is called antimetabole. Pronounced as an-tee-meh-TA-bo-lee, it is essentially the same as chiasmus. The Roman rhetorician Quintilian identified antimetabole as a type of antithesis. Antimetabole comes from the Greek phrase, turning about in the opposite direction. Examples and Observations The following are excellent examples of antimetaboles used in notable literature: I can write better than anybody who can write faster, and I can write faster than anybody who can write better.(A. J. Liebling)Women forget all those things they dont want to remember, and remember everything they dont want to forget.(Zora Neale Hurston, Their Eyes Were Watching God, 1937)Stops static before static stops you.(Advertising slogan of Bounce fabric softener sheet, 1990s)We didnt land on Plymouth Rock; Plymouth Rock landed on us.(Malcolm X)Hate destroys a mans sense of values and his objectivity. It causes him to describe the beautiful as ugly and the ugly as beautiful, and to confuse the true with the false and the false with the true.(Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.)It is not how old you are, but how you are old.(Jules Renard)If a conservative is a liberal who has been mugged, a liberal is a conservative who has been indicted.(Jeffrey Rosen, The New Yorker)A government that seizes control of the economy for the good of the people, ends up seizing control of the people for t he good of the economy.(Senator Robert Dole in his acceptance speech for the Republican nomination for president, San Diego, August 1996) The Difference Between Antimetabole and Chiasmus [T]hose of us who have been granted a disproportionate ability to express ourselves may not always have the best selves to express.(Clive James, North Face of Soho, 2006)The only distinguishing feature of the antimetabole is that at least two terms from the first colon change their relative places in the second, appearing now in one order, now in reversed order. In the process of changing their syntactic position in relation to each other, these terms change their grammatical and conceptual relation as well. Thus in St. Augustines declaration of a semiotic principle--[E]very sign is also a thing . . . but not every thing is also a sign--sign and thing switch places in propositions claiming, first, that the set of all signs is a subset of the set of all things, but, second, that the reverse conceptual relation dictated by the reverse syntax does not hold . . .. Seventeen hundred years later, a journalist used the same form to complain about the unfortunate relationship between members of his own profession and the politicians they report: Our cynicism begets their fakery and their fakery begets our cynicism . . .. In each of these examples, separated by almost two thousand years, the arguer builds on the conceptual reversal created by the syntactic and grammatical reversal.A variant of the antimetabole, to which the name chiasmus is sometimes applied, abandons the constraint of repeating the same words in the second colon yet retains a pattern of inversion . . .. Instead of repetition, this variant uses words related in some recognizable way--perhaps as synonyms or opposites or members of the same category--and these related words change positions.(Jeanne Fahnestock, Rhetorical Figures in Science. Oxford Univ. Press, 1999)I, too, was born in the slum. But just because youre born in the slum does not mean the slum is born in you, and you can rise above it if your mind is made up.(Jesse Jackson, speech at 1984 Democratic National Convention)You have to know how to accept rejection and reject acceptance.(Ray Bradbury) The Lighter Side of Antimetabole The Sphinx: He who questions training, only trains himself in asking questions. . . . Ah yes, work well on your new costumes my friends, for when you care for what is outside, what is inside cares for you. . . . Patience, my son. To summon your power for the conflict to come, you must first have power over that which conflicts you.Mr. Furious: Okay, am I the only one who finds these sayings just a little bit formulaic? If you want to push something down, you have to pull it up. If you want to go left, you have to go right. Its . . .The Sphinx: Your temper is very quick, my friend. But until you learn to master your rage . . .Mr. Furious: . . . your rage will become your master? Thats what you were going to say. Right? Right?The Sphinx: Not necessarily.(Wes Studi and Ben Stiller in Mystery Men, 1999)

How The Harlem Renaissance Shaped Literature - 1596 Words

Marie Eggly 12/9/2014 ENG 320 Hoeppner How the Harlem Renaissance Shaped Literature The Harlem Renaissance was a revolutionary time for African Americans in the Twentieth Century. It lasted from around 1918 until 1937 and is described as â€Å"the nation’s first self-conscious black literary and artistic movement† (Tindall 804), but the ideas cultivated within those years are still relevant in today’s society. In New York the city of Harlem had a rapidly growing population of African Americans due to the Great Migration and it was also the destination for immigrants from other areas of the United States. Once people began hearing about the Harlem Renaissance even more writers, photographers, musicians, and scholars moved to the area. Due to the large population of African Americans here, a sense of common identity and cultural expression were apparent and this led to the embracing of their own culture separate from what white people had defined it as. A path was laid out for new African American lite rature and had a huge impact on all of the black literature to follow. The early stages of the Harlem Renaissance took off due to several plays, poems, and a newspaper. Three Plays for a Negro Theatre was written by Ridgely Torrence, a white playwright, and his play showed African American actors expressing complex yearnings and emotions instead of the usual stereotypes of blackface and minstrel shows. Then in 1917 Hubert Harrison created The Voice, a newspaper that focused onShow MoreRelatedThe Harlem Renaissance Movement By Zora Neale Hurston, Langston Hughes, And Ralph Waldo Ellison931 Words   |  4 PagesKnown as one the most impactful movements on African American arts, the Harlem Renaissance Movement represented a period of artistic and intellectual change that initiated a new identity on black culture. Often called the â€Å"New Negro† Era, the Harlem Renaissance opened doors for African American to express themselves in the form of visual arts, musical elements, and even performing arts during the 1920s. Due to this movement, Harlem became the city that â€Å"gave African Americans a physical cultural centerRead MoreLangston Hughes : The Face Of Harlem Literacy1147 Words   |  5 Pages The Face of Harlem Literacy James Mercer Hughes, most commonly known as Langston Hughes, was a notorious writer during the Harlem Renaissance period. The Harlem Renaissance is considered a cultural explosion of African American cultures during the 1920’s. Hughes was an important figure and supporter during the Harlem Renaissance era. Through Hughes literature and activism during the 1920’s he created a positive change within the black community. 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A British Muslim Essay Example For Students

A British Muslim Essay Thus we want to change or even break free from the way that others perceive us, but we are also guilty of forming perceptions of others. By doing so we encourage the cycle to continue, and thus prevent others from changing or expressing their true identity at the same time that they prevent us. OTHER KEY CONCEPTS One must avoid the danger of focusing attention on identity at the expense of ignoring the other key concepts that are interrelated in the understanding of identity, namely insecurity, power and equality. One may come to question their identity if they experience feelings of insecurity. Alternatively, can argue that the reverse holds true, so that feelings of insecurity can stem from the identity that we possess. As we progress through our lives we take on different roles, each of which may call upon (projecting) different aspects of our identity. Movement between these roles (periods of transition) can trigger off insecurity over our identities. Similarly, lack of role gives us insecurity in social system that is based on institutionalisation of expectations. For example, if upon graduation I decide against entering the world of work, others may see me as lazy and unambitious. the way we perceive ourselves as an individual is largely dependant on societys reflection of us and thus I can experience feelings of insecurity . The fear of inconsistency between roles can lead to cognitive dissonance that manifests itself in the form of heightened tension and insecurity. One looks to resolve this to form a more grounded identity. e. g I can resolve my earlier problem by entering the labour market. CHANGING IDENTITY Last year I interrupted my studies to undertake a gap placement with an investment bank in London. Living alone, away from home for the first time, I was free from parental influence and restrictions, thus I had the opportunity to break out of my conventional mould and in effect, create a new identity. But I found myself changing very little. Those restrictions which I felt were the attitudes of my parents projected on me had become internalised over time and came to constitute a significant part of my being. Therefore as much as I may have been tempted to go wild, I could not bring myself to do so, as by letting go I felt like I would lose myself my identity. Theorists such as Fromm (1980) may explain this in terms of the fear of freedom resulting from (amongst other things) the insecurity attached to the uncertainty of the unknown. Sociologists such as Berger may describe my situation in terms of inability to change due to ingrained social expectations. IDENTITY AND RELIGION As a practising Muslim, my belief in God shapes my attitude and my behaviour by setting guidelines for the way I live my life. Thus one may view this cornerstone of my identity as a prison. However, maybe it isnt a prison as much as a safety net, ensuring that I dont go astray! That I lead my life in the way that I have been brought up to believe is just and right, normal for a British Muslim. But from this stems the argument that living up to the label acts as a prison in itself, which has been created both within and by a social structure. By conforming I am repressing my true identity and suppressing to my communities expectations (based on Friere, 1972). As a British Muslim I am expected to blend into the Western way of living whilst maintaining my ethnic roots/ culture. This can cause a state of unbalance that may manifest itself in anxiety and feelings of insecurity over competing identities. This reasoning leads me to question to what extent my identity as a British Muslim is a psychic prison? Am I trapped by the conflicting roles that are within me? The extent to which identity is a prison depends on whether one looks at the having or being mode of existence. This is best explained if looked at in a context, and thus will now look at it in terms of another key concept of security/insecurity. In the Having mode, security sees it as a possession ELABORATE IF TIME. In contrast, in the Being mode there is no insecurity attached to losing what one has. .u5b2f3bdd9f3ac64bbddd7fe5f88d0ad2 , .u5b2f3bdd9f3ac64bbddd7fe5f88d0ad2 .postImageUrl , .u5b2f3bdd9f3ac64bbddd7fe5f88d0ad2 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u5b2f3bdd9f3ac64bbddd7fe5f88d0ad2 , .u5b2f3bdd9f3ac64bbddd7fe5f88d0ad2:hover , .u5b2f3bdd9f3ac64bbddd7fe5f88d0ad2:visited , .u5b2f3bdd9f3ac64bbddd7fe5f88d0ad2:active { border:0!important; } .u5b2f3bdd9f3ac64bbddd7fe5f88d0ad2 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u5b2f3bdd9f3ac64bbddd7fe5f88d0ad2 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u5b2f3bdd9f3ac64bbddd7fe5f88d0ad2:active , .u5b2f3bdd9f3ac64bbddd7fe5f88d0ad2:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u5b2f3bdd9f3ac64bbddd7fe5f88d0ad2 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u5b2f3bdd9f3ac64bbddd7fe5f88d0ad2 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u5b2f3bdd9f3ac64bbddd7fe5f88d0ad2 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u5b2f3bdd9f3ac64bbddd7fe5f88d0ad2 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u5b2f3bdd9f3ac64bbddd7fe5f88d0ad2:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u5b2f3bdd9f3ac64bbddd7fe5f88d0ad2 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u5b2f3bdd9f3ac64bbddd7fe5f88d0ad2 .u5b2f3bdd9f3ac64bbddd7fe5f88d0ad2-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u5b2f3bdd9f3ac64bbddd7fe5f88d0ad2:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Volunteering EssayIf I am who I am and not what I have, nobody can deprive me of or threaten my security and my sense of identity. (Fromm). Thus, identity is a framework (rather than a prison) that is built to accommodate the individual through its flexible rather than restrictive nature. At an academic level Friere (1972) sees the banking system of education as a mechanism for restricting expression of identity due to its dehumanising nature. Those who take on the role/identity as students, such as myself, lose their sense of individuality in the classroom. They are transformed into passive recipients of information as opposed to knowledge that would encourage them to grow and question their perception of the world around them and try to discover where they fit into it. i. e. their identity. Thus the place that I am studying at can be seen as an institution set up with the purpose of moulding students into managers of the future. This creates a sense of identity Im a graduate and a purpose I will become a successful manager. This carries with it expectations from others, e. g. she successful manager. must be intelligent, hardworking and ambitious, traits which we may feel obliged to fulfil, reiterating the psychic prison analogy. SOCIAL IDENTITY We tend to migrate towards others who are similar to ourselves, such as those who share similar interests, values and attitudes. One may argue that such groups can limit our identity, which is restricted to operating within the given expected framework of the group to which we belong. Thus the group can be said to represent the bars surrounding our identity. SIT makes distinction between personal identity (defined by traits) and social identity (defined by stereotypes).